Time-resolved KPFM Movies
The videos on this page show time-resolved KPFM maps on a solar cell cross section. The maps show the change in CPD upon applying an external voltage or upon switching the sample illumnation. All videos have a sampling rate of 2000 frames per second or 500 µs per frame. The videos are part of the publication How the Formation of Interfacial Charge Causes Hysteresis in Perovskite Solar Cells (Energy Environ. Sci., 11, 2404 (2018) [link]).
Switching on the external voltage
Switching off the external voltage
Switching off the illumination
